{"id":328428,"date":"2023-05-25T08:55:51","date_gmt":"2023-05-25T06:55:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/investinslovakia.eu\/?p=328428"},"modified":"2023-05-26T09:04:35","modified_gmt":"2023-05-26T07:04:35","slug":"investovanie-do-nehnutelnosti-vyhody-a-nevyhody-prenajimania","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wordpress.investinslovakia.eu\/en\/investovanie-do-nehnutelnosti-vyhody-a-nevyhody-prenajimania\/","title":{"rendered":"Investovanie do nehnute\u013enost\u00ed: V\u00fdhody a nev\u00fdhody prenaj\u00edmania"},"content":{"rendered":"

Investovanie do nehnute\u013enost\u00ed je \u010dasto pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za jeden z najstabilnej\u0161\u00edch a najlukrat\u00edvnej\u0161\u00edch typov invest\u00edci\u00ed, pri\u010dom prenaj\u00edmanie je jeho k\u013e\u00fa\u010dovou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou. Mnoh\u00ed za\u010diato\u010dn\u00edci si ale pred svoj\u00edm prv\u00fdm pren\u00e1jmom neuvedomuj\u00fa, \u017ee (aspo\u0148 spo\u010diatku) nejde o\u00a0pas\u00edvnu a\u00a0bezrizikov\u00fa invest\u00edciu. Ak sa na cestu vyd\u00e1vate sami, \u010dak\u00e1 v\u00e1s nieko\u013eko n\u00e1strah. Poskytneme v\u00e1m podrobn\u00fd poh\u013ead na obidve strany mince prenaj\u00edmania nehnute\u013enost\u00ed. S na\u0161imi inform\u00e1ciami sa budete m\u00f4c\u0165 rozhodn\u00fa\u0165, \u010di je tento typ invest\u00edcie pre v\u00e1s ten spr\u00e1vny.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ako funguje prenaj\u00edmanie nehnute\u013enost\u00ed?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Prenaj\u00edmanie nehnute\u013enost\u00ed funguje na princ\u00edpe, \u017ee investor (prenaj\u00edmate\u013e) poskytuje n\u00e1jomn\u00edkovi pou\u017e\u00edvanie nehnute\u013enosti v\u00fdmenou za mesa\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1jomn\u00e9. Prenaj\u00edmate\u013e je zodpovedn\u00fd za \u00fadr\u017ebu a opravy nehnute\u013enosti, zatia\u013e \u010do n\u00e1jomn\u00edk je povinn\u00fd plati\u0165 n\u00e1jomn\u00e9 a dodr\u017eiava\u0165 podmienky n\u00e1jomnej zmluvy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prenaj\u00edma\u0165 m\u00f4\u017eete na dlh\u00e9, stredn\u00e9, aj kr\u00e1tke obdobie. Pri tom kr\u00e1tkom sa \u010dasto vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa slu\u017eby ako AirBnB, kde prenaj\u00edmatelia cez online platformu pon\u00fakaj\u00fa n\u00e1jomcom \/ turistom pren\u00e1jom ich nehnute\u013enosti na 1 noc a\u017e nieko\u013eko t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TIP - Ku tak\u00fdmto platform\u00e1m sa via\u017ee aj zauj\u00edmav\u00e1 podnikate\u013esk\u00e1 pr\u00edle\u017eitos\u0165 \u2013 n\u00e1jomn\u00e1 arbitr\u00e1\u017e.<\/em><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

V\u00a0skratke, aby ste nehnute\u013enos\u0165 pon\u00fakali na kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fd pren\u00e1jom, nemus\u00edte ju vlastni\u0165. S\u00a0vlastn\u00edkom nehnute\u013enosti sa m\u00f4\u017eete dohodn\u00fa\u0165 na prenajat\u00ed jeho nehnute\u013enosti v\u00e1m, za \u00fa\u010delom \u010fal\u0161ieho pren\u00e1jmu. Vy tak odvediete v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu pr\u00e1ce spojen\u00fa s\u00a0\u00fadr\u017ebou nehnute\u013enosti (upratovan\u00edm) a\u00a0z\u00edskavan\u00edm a\u00a0organiz\u00e1ciou n\u00e1jomcov, za \u010do z\u00edskate rozdiel medzi sumou (dlhodob\u00e9ho) n\u00e1jmu, ktor\u00fa zaplat\u00edte vlastn\u00edkovi a\u00a0sumou akumulovan\u00fdch kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdch n\u00e1jmov, ktor\u00e9 n\u00e1jomcovia zaplatia v\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00daspech prenaj\u00edmania \u010dasto z\u00e1vis\u00ed na spr\u00e1vnom v\u00fdbere n\u00e1jomn\u00edkov a riaden\u00ed vz\u0165ahu s nimi. Vy\u017eaduje si to \u010das, zru\u010dnosti a trpezlivos\u0165, ale ak sa to zvl\u00e1dne spr\u00e1vne, m\u00f4\u017ee prenaj\u00edmanie prinies\u0165 stabiln\u00fd a predv\u00eddate\u013en\u00fd pr\u00edjem. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 je tie\u017e spr\u00e1vne stanovenie ceny n\u00e1jomn\u00e9ho, ktor\u00e1 pokryje v\u0161etky n\u00e1klady spojen\u00e9 s nehnute\u013enos\u0165ou a z\u00e1rove\u0148 je pre n\u00e1jomn\u00edka prijate\u013en\u00e1. V\u00fdber spr\u00e1vnej nehnute\u013enosti, ktor\u00e1 je atrakt\u00edvna pre potenci\u00e1lnych n\u00e1jomn\u00edkov, je \u010fal\u0161\u00edm kritick\u00fdm faktorom \u00faspechu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdhody a\u00a0\u00faskalia prenaj\u00edmania nehnute\u013enost\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jednou z najatrakt\u00edvnej\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdhod prenaj\u00edmania nehnute\u013enost\u00ed je mo\u017enos\u0165 z\u00edska\u0165 pravideln\u00fd pr\u00edjem<\/strong>. Ak n\u00e1jomn\u00edci pravidelne platia svoje n\u00e1jomn\u00e9, m\u00f4\u017eete o\u010dak\u00e1va\u0165 stabiln\u00fd mesa\u010dn\u00fd pr\u00edjem. Ten l\u00e1ka investorov najm\u00e4 v porovnan\u00ed s in\u00fdmi typmi invest\u00edci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 volatiln\u00e9 a nepredv\u00eddate\u013en\u00e9.\u00a0 Tieto v\u00fdhody v\u0161ak vyva\u017euje potreba ve\u013ekej po\u010diato\u010dnej invest\u00edcie \u2013 pokia\u013e nehnute\u013enos\u0165 nez\u00edskate deden\u00edm alebo darom. Nedostatok vlastn\u00fdch zdrojov mo\u017eno vyrie\u0161i\u0165 p\u00f4\u017ei\u010dkou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00a0tomto pr\u00edpade ale nezabudnite po\u010d\u00edta\u0165 v\u00fddavky s\u00a0\u0148ou spojen\u00e9 (\u00faroky, poistenie, administrat\u00edva). A\u00a0vopred stoj\u00ed za to upozorni\u0165, \u017ee va\u0161e nov\u00e9 pr\u00edjmy z\u00a0pren\u00e1jmu nebud\u00fa posta\u010dova\u0165 na spl\u00e1canie \u00faveru a\u00a0ostatn\u00fdch n\u00e1kladov, ktor\u00e9 popisujeme ni\u017e\u0161ie.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Okrem pr\u00edjmu z n\u00e1jomn\u00e9ho m\u00f4\u017ee nehnute\u013enos\u0165 prinies\u0165 aj kapit\u00e1lov\u00fd rast<\/strong>. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee hodnota va\u0161ej nehnute\u013enosti sa m\u00f4\u017ee \u010dasom zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165. Aj ke\u010f to nie je garantovan\u00e9, dlhodob\u00e9 trendy na trhu s nehnute\u013enos\u0165ami vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine pr\u00edpadov ukazuj\u00fa na rast hodnoty. Pr\u00e1ve toto kapit\u00e1lov\u00e9 zhodnotenie \u010dasto motivuje investorov ku k\u00fape aj v\u00a0pr\u00edpade, \u017ee dan\u00e1 nehnute\u013enos\u0165 negeneruje dostato\u010dn\u00fd cashflow. Podrobnej\u0161ie to vysvet\u013eujeme v\u00a0tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

V\u00a0porovnan\u00ed s\u00a0niektor\u00fdmi krajinami (menovite USA) Slovensko v da\u0148ov\u00fdch v\u00fdhod\u00e1ch v\u00a0oblasti nehnute\u013enost\u00ed zaost\u00e1va. Av\u0161ak, fyzick\u00e9 aj pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 osoby so zdanite\u013en\u00fdmi v\u00fdnosmi z\u00a0pren\u00e1jmu si od nich m\u00f4\u017eu odpo\u010d\u00edta\u0165 n\u00e1klady<\/strong> na dosiahnutie a\u00a0udr\u017eanie t\u00fdchto pr\u00edjmov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V pr\u00edpade pr\u00e1vnickej osoby m\u00f4\u017ee e\u0161te \u201ezamie\u0161a\u0165 karty\u201c DPH \u2013 t\u00e1 v\u0161ak predstavuje v\u00fdhodu len v pr\u00edpade, \u017ee ide o pren\u00e1jom nehnute\u013enosti ako ubytovacie slu\u017eby (penzi\u00f3n, hotel), nako\u013eko pren\u00e1jom bytov, apartm\u00e1nov a rodinn\u00fdch domov na b\u00fdvanie je od DPH osloboden\u00e9. V opa\u010dnom pr\u00edpade je mo\u017en\u00e9 zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 k\u00fapnu cenu nehnute\u013enosti o uplatnen\u00fa DPH, ktor\u00fa n\u00e1sledne \u201evr\u00e1tite\u201c \u0161t\u00e1tu odv\u00e1dzan\u00edm DPH z poskytovan\u00fdch ubytovac\u00edch slu\u017eieb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In\u00fdmi slovami, ste p\u00e1nom svojej nehnute\u013enosti<\/strong>. M\u00f4\u017eete sa rozhodn\u00fa\u0165, kedy a ako ju chcete vylep\u0161i\u0165, koho do nej prenaja\u0165 a kedy ju chcete preda\u0165. T\u00e1to kontrola je \u010dasto obmedzen\u00e1 pri in\u00fdch typoch invest\u00edci\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Diversification<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ak s\u00a0pren\u00e1jmom za\u010d\u00ednate, je ve\u013emi pravdepodobn\u00e9, \u017ee Diversification<\/strong> medzi viacero nehnute\u013enost\u00ed bude pre kapit\u00e1lov\u00e9 a\u00a0\u010dasov\u00fd d\u00f4vody nemo\u017en\u00e1. Toto m\u00f4\u017eete zlep\u0161i\u0165 \u010dasom, postupn\u00fdm priberan\u00edm \u010fal\u0161\u00edch investi\u010dn\u00fdch nehnute\u013enost\u00ed. Aj tak ale u\u017e teraz nezabudnite na diverzifik\u00e1ciu do r\u00f4znych druhov akt\u00edv, rozhodne neodpor\u00fa\u010dame vlo\u017ei\u0165 do va\u0161ej prvej n\u00e1jomnej nehnute\u013enosti v\u0161etky vo\u013en\u00e9 prostriedky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Najsk\u00f4r si vytvorte dostato\u010dn\u00fa finan\u010dn\u00fa rezervu pre v\u00e1s a\u00a0va\u0161u rodinu pre pr\u00edpad v\u00fdpadku pr\u00edjmu, n\u00e1sledne nezabudnite aj na in\u00e9 pas\u00edvne zdroje pr\u00edjmu, ako napr\u00edklad akcie s\u00a0vypl\u00e1can\u00edm dividend alebo real estate crowdfunding<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Nezabudnite ani na finan\u010dn\u00fa rezervu, ktor\u00fa bude potrebova\u0165 vami prenaj\u00edman\u00e1 nehnute\u013enos\u0165. Do tej zar\u00e1tajte n\u00e1klady spojen\u00e9 s prev\u00e1dzku a \u00fadr\u017ebou nehnute\u013enost\u00ed (zariadenie, drobn\u00e9 opravy, k\u00fapa a v\u00fdmeny spotrebi\u010dov, zariadenia a pod.), vr\u00e1tane n\u00e1kladov na financovanie k\u00fapy nehnute\u013enosti pokia\u013e ju obstarali na \u00faver, dane z nehnute\u013enost\u00ed a in\u00fdch miestnych poplatkov a dan\u00ed, poistenie ako aj n\u00e1klady na energie pokia\u013e nie je nehnute\u013enos\u0165 aktu\u00e1lne prenaj\u00edman\u00e1. Vytopen\u00e1 k\u00fape\u013e\u0148a je v\u00e1\u0161 probl\u00e9m aj v pr\u00edpade, \u017ee ste ju nevytopili.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Prenaj\u00edma\u0165 nehnute\u013enos\u0165 nie je pre v\u00e1s, ak:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nem\u00e1te \u010das alebo z\u00e1ujem o mana\u017ement<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vlastnenie a prenaj\u00edmanie nehnute\u013enost\u00ed vy\u017eaduje \u010das a \u00fasilie. Ak sa nechcete stara\u0165 o \u00fadr\u017ebu, upratovanie, vybavova\u0165 opravy, komunikova\u0165 s n\u00e1jomn\u00edkmi a rie\u0161i\u0165 ich probl\u00e9my, m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pren\u00e1jom pre v\u00e1s n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd. Ak sa rozhodnete tieto \u00falohy niekomu zveri\u0165, zar\u00e1tajte do celkov\u00fdch v\u00fddavkov aj jeho prov\u00edziu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nem\u00f4\u017eete si dovoli\u0165 riziko neobsadenosti<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ak je va\u0161a nehnute\u013enos\u0165 dlhodobo neobsaden\u00e1, nebudete z\u00edskava\u0165 pr\u00edjem z n\u00e1jomn\u00e9ho. Aj tak v\u0161ak budete musie\u0165 pokry\u0165 v\u0161etky n\u00e1klady spojen\u00e9 s nehnute\u013enos\u0165ou. Ak nem\u00e1te dostato\u010dn\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00e9 rezervy na pokrytie t\u00fdchto n\u00e1kladov, m\u00f4\u017ee to by\u0165 pre v\u00e1s finan\u010dne zni\u010duj\u00face. Obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 to plat\u00ed v pr\u00edpade ak ste si obstarali nehnute\u013enos\u0165 na \u00faver a mus\u00edte plati\u0165 pravideln\u00e9 mesa\u010dn\u00e9 spl\u00e1tky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Boj\u00edte sa rizika neplatiacich n\u00e1jomn\u00edkov a po\u0161kodenia majetku<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Aj ke\u010f spr\u00e1vny screening n\u00e1jomn\u00edkov m\u00f4\u017ee minimalizova\u0165 toto riziko, st\u00e1le existuje mo\u017enos\u0165, \u017ee sa stretnete s n\u00e1jomn\u00edkom, ktor\u00fd neplat\u00ed n\u00e1jomn\u00e9 alebo po\u0161kod\u00ed va\u0161u nehnute\u013enos\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nechcete riskova\u0165 finan\u010dn\u00e9 a trhov\u00e9 neistoty<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Hodnota nehnute\u013enost\u00ed m\u00f4\u017ee klesa\u0165 aj r\u00e1s\u0165. Ak sa ob\u00e1vate potenci\u00e1lnych v\u00fdkyvov na trhu s nehnute\u013enos\u0165ami, pren\u00e1jom m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pre v\u00e1s pr\u00edli\u0161 rizikov\u00fd. Tieto obavy v\u00e1s v\u0161ak nemusia stra\u0161i\u0165 z dlhodob\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska. Z toho toti\u017e hodnota nehnute\u013enost\u00ed v\u017edy r\u00e1stla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nie ste pripraven\u00ed na pr\u00e1vne a regula\u010dn\u00e9 zmeny<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1kony t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa prenaj\u00edmania a vlastnenia nehnute\u013enost\u00ed sa m\u00f4\u017eu meni\u0165 a tieto zmeny m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 vplyv na va\u0161u schopnos\u0165 z\u00edskava\u0165 pr\u00edjem z prenaj\u00edmania. Toto sa t\u00fdka aj da\u0148ov\u00fdch zmien a potreby vies\u0165 da\u0148ov\u00fa evidenciu pre pod\u00e1vanie da\u0148ov\u00fdch priznan\u00ed k dani z pr\u00edjmu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ak chcete prenaj\u00edma\u0165, pozor na:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n