{"id":886,"date":"2020-08-07T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-08-06T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/investinslovakia.eu\/4-piliere-financnej-gramotnosti-ktore-vas-v-skole-nenaucili\/"},"modified":"2023-05-03T11:25:03","modified_gmt":"2023-05-03T09:25:03","slug":"4-piliere-financnej-gramotnosti-ktore-vas-v-skole-nenaucili","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wordpress.investinslovakia.eu\/sk\/4-piliere-financnej-gramotnosti-ktore-vas-v-skole-nenaucili\/","title":{"rendered":"4 piliere finan\u010dnej gramotnosti, ktor\u00e9 v\u00e1s v \u0161kole nenau\u010dili"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em>Vzdel\u00e1vanie na \u0161kol\u00e1ch v oblasti financi\u00ed je na Slovensku ve\u013emi podce\u0148ovan\u00e9. Predmet finan\u010dnej gramotnosti nie je i na\u010falej zaraden\u00fd do u\u010debn\u00fdch osnov n\u00e1\u0161ho vzdel\u00e1vacieho syst\u00e9mu, a tak sa nemo\u017eno \u010dudova\u0165, \u017ee \u010doraz viac \u013eud\u00ed \u017eiada \u0161t\u00e1t o oddl\u017eenie, alebo zist\u00ed, \u017ee nem\u00e1 absol\u00fatne \u017eiadne \u00faspory, ktor\u00e9 by vysta\u010dili na d\u00f4stojn\u00fd \u017eivot na d\u00f4chodku. V dne\u0161nom \u010dl\u00e1nku sa preto spolo\u010dne pozrieme na 4 z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 piliere finan\u010dnej gramotnosti, ktor\u00e9 v\u00e1s v \u0161kole, takmer ur\u010dite, nenau\u010dili.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Preh\u013ead v pr\u00edjmoch a v\u00fddavkoch<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Ako chcete so svojimi peniazmi rozumne hospod\u00e1ri\u0165, ak ani neviete, ko\u013eko pe\u0148az\u00ed pr\u00edde na v\u00e1\u0161 \u00fa\u010det, a ako tieto peniaze n\u00e1sledne utr\u00e1cate? <strong>Jednoduch\u00fd sp\u00f4sob, ako u\u0161etri\u0165 peniaze, je za\u010da\u0165 sledova\u0165 pr\u00edjmy a v\u00fddavky.<\/strong> Jednotliv\u00e9 transakcie si m\u00f4\u017eete zapisova\u0165 bu\u010f klasicky na papier, alebo v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti existuj\u00fa aj mnoh\u00e9 bezplatn\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie v telef\u00f3ne ur\u010den\u00e9 na spr\u00e1vu osobn\u00fdch financi\u00ed. Ak viete, kam va\u0161e peniaze odch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa, je jednoduch\u0161ie neust\u00e1le o nie\u010do zni\u017eova\u0165 v\u00fddavky v danej oblasti, a u\u0161etri\u0165 tak ka\u017ed\u00fd mesiac o p\u00e1r eur viac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ak ste v prvom kroku \u00faspe\u0161ne zvl\u00e1dli sledova\u0165 svoje pr\u00edjmy a v\u00fddavky povedzme zop\u00e1r mesiacov, k preh\u013eadu vo finan\u010dnej oblasti v\u00e1s posunie aj \u010fal\u0161\u00ed krok, a to <strong>vytvorenie rodinn\u00e9ho rozpo\u010dtu<\/strong>. Ten m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 op\u00e4t formu listu vo va\u0161om ob\u013e\u00fabenom zo\u0161ite, alebo aj Excel tabu\u013eky. Najjednoduch\u0161\u00ed rozpo\u010det si vytvor\u00edte sp\u00edsan\u00edm o\u010dak\u00e1van\u00fdch pr\u00edjmov dom\u00e1cnosti a taktie\u017e o\u010dak\u00e1van\u00fdch v\u00fddavkov, ktor\u00e9 je nutn\u00e9 rozdeli\u0165 na jednotliv\u00e9 skupiny, ako napr\u00edklad jedlo, b\u00fdvanie, auto, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.balabim.sk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">dar\u010deky<\/a> a podobne. Po uplynut\u00ed mesiaca u\u017e iba <strong>prirad\u00edte k o\u010dak\u00e1van\u00fdm pr\u00edjmom a v\u00fddavkom re\u00e1lne sumy, ktor\u00e9 ste zaznamenali po\u010das mesiaca<\/strong> a m\u00e1te hotovo. Pre zlo\u017eitej\u0161ie rozpo\u010dty m\u00f4\u017eete uvies\u0165 aj zmenu v jednotliv\u00fdch dlhoch, bankov\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dtoch, invest\u00edci\u00e1ch a tie\u017e zmeny vo va\u0161ej celkovej hodnote majetku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. D\u00f4le\u017eitos\u0165 \u00faspor<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Prekvap\u00ed v\u00e1s ka\u017ed\u00fd ne\u010dakan\u00fd v\u00fddavok? V tom pr\u00edpade nem\u00e1te dostato\u010dn\u00e9 \u00faspory v banke. <strong>Pri finan\u010dnom vzdel\u00e1van\u00ed v \u0161kole mo\u017eno \u017eiakom spom\u00ednaj\u00fa, \u017ee je dobr\u00e9 \u0161etri\u0165 si. <\/strong>Dokonca u\u017e v mladosti rodi\u010dia zakladali de\u0165om kedysi vkladn\u00e9 kni\u017eky, dnes u\u017e sporiace produkty tak, aby i\u0161li de\u0165om pr\u00edkladom.Av\u0161ak je to dostato\u010dn\u00e9? <strong>N\u00e1vyk \u0161etri\u0165 konzistentne a dostato\u010dne, \u010di\u017ee aspo\u0148 10-15% z ka\u017edej jednej v\u00fdplaty si nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 vybudova\u0165 iba z nieko\u013ek\u00fdch jednorazov\u00fdch podnetov.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00fd jeden dospel\u00fd \u010dlovek by mal ma\u0165 k dispoz\u00edcii za ka\u017ed\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed aspo\u0148 nejak\u00fd obnos pe\u0148az\u00ed. V akej v\u00fd\u0161ke, to nech\u00e1me samozrejme u\u017e na v\u00e1s. <strong>Dave Ramsey, americk\u00fd expert na rodinn\u00e9 financie odpor\u00fa\u010da z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 \u00faspory vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 1000 dol\u00e1rov<\/strong>, v prepo\u010dte 843 eur. Pr\u00e1ve t\u00e1to suma by mala pokry\u0165 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu ne\u010dakan\u00fdch v\u00fddavkov, ak\u00fdmi m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 napr\u00edklad pokazen\u00e9 auto, n\u00e1hle zdravotn\u00e9 v\u00fddavky a podobne. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ak v\u0161ak chcete ma\u0165 \u00fapln\u00fa finan\u010dn\u00fa istotu, odpor\u00fa\u010da\nnav\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 va\u0161e \u00faspory na sporiacom \u00fa\u010dte na v\u00fd\u0161ku minim\u00e1lne 3 a\u017e 6 mesiacov va\u0161ich\nz\u00e1kladn\u00fdch mesa\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fddavkov.<\/strong> Hovor\u00edme tu o nutn\u00fdch\nplatb\u00e1ch za n\u00e1jom alebo hypot\u00e9ku, energie, pohonn\u00e9 hmoty, r\u00f4zne poistenia,\ntelef\u00f3nny pau\u0161\u00e1l, v\u00fddavky na jedlo a lieky a \u010fal\u0161ie mesa\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fddavky, ktor\u00e9\ntvoria v\u00e1\u0161 z\u00e1kladn\u00fd mesa\u010dn\u00fd rozpo\u010det. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Nespadnite do dlhovej pasce<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Dlh nemus\u00ed by\u0165 za ka\u017ed\u00fa cenu zl\u00fd. <\/strong>Tak napr\u00edklad bez hypot\u00e9ky by si dnes v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina Slov\u00e1kov nevedela dovoli\u0165\nvlastn\u00e9 b\u00fdvanie mo\u017eno aj do \u0161tyridsiatky. Av\u0161ak <strong>kreditky a dlhy s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm \u00farokom ne\u017e 10% s\u00fa ve\u013emi nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9. <\/strong>Hroz\u00ed\ntoti\u017e riziko, \u017ee sa kv\u00f4li nim dostanete do dlhovej pasce, z ktorej v\u00e1m v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou\npom\u00f4\u017ee iba extr\u00e9mna striedmos\u0165 alebo oddl\u017eenie na s\u00fade, takzvan\u00fd osobn\u00fd\nbankrot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Riziko je pritom najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie pr\u00e1ve u mlad\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed, \u010dasto \u0161tudentov, ktor\u00ed sa spoliehaj\u00fa na po\u017ei\u010dan\u00e9 peniaze od banky, alebo v hor\u0161om pr\u00edpade od nebankov\u00e9ho subjektu<\/strong> a neuvedomuj\u00fa si \u00faplne dopady svojich \u010dinov, ktor\u00e9 ich dostihn\u00fa a\u017e o p\u00e1r rokov nesk\u00f4r. Preto, ak m\u00e1te v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 dlhy, vyp\u00ed\u0161te si ich v\u0161etky na papier. Ku ka\u017ed\u00e9mu dlhu prira\u010fte n\u00e1zov spolo\u010dnosti, ktorej peniaze dl\u017e\u00edte, minim\u00e1lnu mesa\u010dn\u00fa spl\u00e1tku, \u00farokov\u00fa sadzbu a celkov\u00fd zostatok dlhu. Ak tieto \u00fadaje nepozn\u00e1te, zavolajte na infolinku spolo\u010dnosti a informujte sa. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prv\u00fd poh\u013ead m\u00f4\u017ee\nby\u0165 hroziv\u00fd, av\u0161ak nez\u00fafajte. <strong>Pri\nspl\u00e1can\u00ed dlhov m\u00f4\u017eete zvoli\u0165 jednu z dvoch najroz\u0161\u00edrenej\u0161\u00edch met\u00f3d. <\/strong>Pri\noboch met\u00f3dach plat\u00edte minim\u00e1lne spl\u00e1tky ka\u017ed\u00e9ho jedn\u00e9ho dlhu a zvy\u0161n\u00fa \u010das\u0165\nu\u0161etren\u00fdch pe\u0148az\u00ed z v\u00fdplaty presmerujete na jeden jedin\u00fd dlh. Pri prvej met\u00f3de\nje to dlh s najni\u017e\u0161ou zostatkovou hodnotou. T\u00e1to met\u00f3da sa v\u00e1m oplat\u00ed vtedy, ak\nsa boj\u00edte, \u017ee nedisponujete dostato\u010dnou sebadiscipl\u00ednou zotrva\u0165 v r\u00fdchlej\u0161om\nspl\u00e1can\u00ed va\u0161ich dlhov, alebo ak si potrebujete uvo\u013eni\u0165 cash flow. V pr\u00edpade, \u017ee\nsa v\u00e1s tieto dve veci net\u00fdkaj\u00fa, odpor\u00fa\u010dame v\u00e1m vyu\u017ei\u0165 druh\u00fa metodol\u00f3giu\nspl\u00e1cania dlhov, pri ktorej plat\u00edte extra spl\u00e1tky na dlhu s najvy\u0161\u0161ou \u00farokovou\nsadzbou. T\u00e1to met\u00f3da d\u00e1va samozrejme najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed matematick\u00fd zmysel a celkovo v\u00e1m\nu\u0161etr\u00ed najviac pe\u0148az\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Investujte<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ak nem\u00e1te \u017eiadne dlhy, investujte a vyu\u017eite z\u00e1zrak menom\nzlo\u017een\u00e9 \u00faro\u010denie.<\/strong> \u010ci u\u017e sa rozhodnete pre\nnajbezpe\u010dnej\u0161ie formy investovania ako term\u00ednovan\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dty, dlhopisy, alebo <a href=\"https:\/\/investiciaslovensko.sk\/\">realitn\u00fd crowdfunding<\/a>, \u010di pre mierne\nriskantnej\u0161ie formy ako investovanie do indexov\u00fdch fondov a\u017e po tie rizikov\u00e9\nformy investovania v podobe n\u00e1kupu jednotliv\u00fdch akci\u00ed spolo\u010dnost\u00ed na finan\u010dnom\ntrhu, vedzte, \u017ee <strong>je to jedin\u00fd sp\u00f4sob,\nako ochr\u00e1ni\u0165 hodnotu va\u0161ich pe\u0148az\u00ed do bud\u00facnosti.<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010co v\u00e1m na \u0161kole\ntoti\u017e nepovedali je, \u017ee dr\u017ea\u0165 v\u0161etky \u00faspory na be\u017en\u00fdch alebo i sporiacich\n\u00fa\u010dtoch v banke pre v\u00e1s znamen\u00e1 ka\u017edoro\u010dne prich\u00e1dza\u0165 o ich hodnotu vo v\u00fd\u0161ke\nrozdielu medzi infl\u00e1ciou a \u00farokovou sadzbou, ktor\u00e1 sa dnes h\u00fdbe maxim\u00e1lne okolo\n0,20% ro\u010dne. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ak\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie finan\u010dn\u00e9 znalosti v\u00e1s nenau\u010dila \u0161kola? Dajte n\u00e1m vedie\u0165 a my tento \u010dl\u00e1nok radi dopln\u00edme o pokra\u010dovanie, v ktorom obsiahneme inform\u00e1cie od v\u00e1s, na\u0161ich \u010ditate\u013eov. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>*Na\u0161li ste chybu? Nap\u00ed\u0161te n\u00e1m na podpora@investiciaslovensko.sk<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vzdel\u00e1vanie na \u0161kol\u00e1ch v oblasti financi\u00ed je na Slovensku ve\u013emi podce\u0148ovan\u00e9. Predmet finan\u010dnej gramotnosti nie je i na\u010falej zaraden\u00fd do u\u010debn\u00fdch osnov n\u00e1\u0161ho vzdel\u00e1vacieho syst\u00e9mu, a tak sa nemo\u017eno \u010dudova\u0165, \u017ee \u010doraz viac \u013eud\u00ed \u017eiada \u0161t\u00e1t o oddl\u017eenie, alebo zist\u00ed, \u017ee nem\u00e1 absol\u00fatne \u017eiadne \u00faspory, ktor\u00e9 by vysta\u010dili na d\u00f4stojn\u00fd \u017eivot na d\u00f4chodku. V dne\u0161nom [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":887,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>4 piliere finan\u010dnej gramotnosti, ktor\u00e9 v\u00e1s v \u0161kole nenau\u010dili - Invest in Slovakia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/investinslovakia.eu\/4-piliere-financnej-gramotnosti-ktore-vas-v-skole-nenaucili\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"4 piliere finan\u010dnej gramotnosti, ktor\u00e9 v\u00e1s v \u0161kole nenau\u010dili - Invest in Slovakia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Vzdel\u00e1vanie na \u0161kol\u00e1ch v oblasti financi\u00ed je na Slovensku ve\u013emi podce\u0148ovan\u00e9. Predmet finan\u010dnej gramotnosti nie je i na\u010falej zaraden\u00fd do u\u010debn\u00fdch osnov n\u00e1\u0161ho vzdel\u00e1vacieho syst\u00e9mu, a tak sa nemo\u017eno \u010dudova\u0165, \u017ee \u010doraz viac \u013eud\u00ed \u017eiada \u0161t\u00e1t o oddl\u017eenie, alebo zist\u00ed, \u017ee nem\u00e1 absol\u00fatne \u017eiadne \u00faspory, ktor\u00e9 by vysta\u010dili na d\u00f4stojn\u00fd \u017eivot na d\u00f4chodku. V dne\u0161nom [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/investinslovakia.eu\/4-piliere-financnej-gramotnosti-ktore-vas-v-skole-nenaucili\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Invest in Slovakia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-08-06T22:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-05-03T09:25:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/investinslovakia.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/shutterstock_1490697632-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Anton Drozda\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Autor\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Anton Drozda\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Predpokladan\u00fd \u010das \u010d\u00edtania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 min\u00fat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/investinslovakia.eu\/4-piliere-financnej-gramotnosti-ktore-vas-v-skole-nenaucili\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/investinslovakia.eu\/4-piliere-financnej-gramotnosti-ktore-vas-v-skole-nenaucili\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Anton Drozda\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/investinslovakia.eu\/#\/schema\/person\/7badbc0ebf4d3125b7842c4ecd7558aa\"},\"headline\":\"4 piliere finan\u010dnej gramotnosti, ktor\u00e9 v\u00e1s v \u0161kole nenau\u010dili\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-08-06T22:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-05-03T09:25:03+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/investinslovakia.eu\/4-piliere-financnej-gramotnosti-ktore-vas-v-skole-nenaucili\/\"},\"wordCount\":1206,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/investinslovakia.eu\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"O investovan\u00ed\"],\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/investinslovakia.eu\/4-piliere-financnej-gramotnosti-ktore-vas-v-skole-nenaucili\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/investinslovakia.eu\/4-piliere-financnej-gramotnosti-ktore-vas-v-skole-nenaucili\/\",\"name\":\"4 piliere finan\u010dnej gramotnosti, ktor\u00e9 v\u00e1s v \u0161kole nenau\u010dili - 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